Threonine
Threonine is an amino acid represented by Thr and T. It's molecular weight is 119 grams. It is a neutral and polar molecule. This amino acid has a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an amino group, and a carboxylic acid group. It is one of two common amino acids that contains a chiral side chain. Threonine has two pKa values: 2.63 and 9.10 for the carboxylic acid and amino group. The isoelectric point for this amino acid is 5.64. There are three peaks that appear on the proton NMR spectrum of threonine. The first peak is a multiplet at 4.10 to 4.15 ppm. The second peak is a doublet at 3.5 ppm. The third peak is a doublet at 1.20 to 1.25 ppm.
A small polypeptide that contains threonine is N-acetylgalactosamine. N-acetylgalactosamine is needed for communication between cells. It also has a role in the disease processes of cancer, inflammation, and immunity in the human body. It is present in the colon, intestines, retinas, sweat glands, blood vessels, ducts of kidneys, hair follicles, testes, and skin. The hydroxy side chain can undergo O-linked glycosylation. O-glycosylation is an enzymatic process that attaches gyclans (polysaccharides) to proteins, lipids, or other organic molecules. This occurs in the Golgi apparatus of eukaryotic cells. As an essential amino acid, threonine is not synthesized in humans. Therefore, we must ingest threonine in the form of threonine-containing proteins. Foods high in threonine include cottage cheese, poultry, fish, meat, lentils, and sesame seeds.
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threonine
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8254121http://www.online-vitamins-guide.com/images/threonine.gif
Very good job on being thorough about your amino acid. Your information was very informative. I found it interesting about the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosamine and what all it's used for. I know you said you had a difficult time finding one, but I think you definitely nailed it. Good job. Only thing that I think you could have added would have been a picture of the spectras you talked about, if one could have been found.
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